Comparing the Efficacy of Active and Passive Distraction for Reducing Pain and Fear During Intravenous Cannulation in Children
A Randomized Control Trial
Abstract
Children are like wet cement, whatever falls on them makes an impression. Invasive procedures are daunting for children because of the generation of pain. Pain is a complex, multidimensional, and subjective experience that consists of physiological, sensory, emotional, cognitive,and behavioral components. The most frequently performed invasive procedures are venipuncture and intravenous placement of cannulae, and these are also the most painful and feared medical experiences of children. The increased association of pain in children is because the nervous system is vulnerable to noxious stimuli during development. The medical procedures induce fear, anxiety, and behavioral distress in children and their families, further intensifying their pain and interfering with procedures. It has also been linked to fear, pain, and avoidance of medical care later in adulthood.
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